Utilization of Aerobic Compression Composting Technology on Raw Mushroom Waste for Bioenergy Pellets Production

Raw mushroom waste has been an enormous solid waste, not only causing a huge cut on profit margin of industries but also leading to environmental pollution. Unfortunately, the current utilization methods, such as pharmaceutical extractions, are unable keep up with generation rate due large-scale production. Yet, raw produce biomass pellets for energetic purposes and role electric composter shortening processing time remain unexplored. This is important because conventional composting, which takes relatively long period (e.g., weeks months), less practical when it comes commercial use pellets. To explore this issue, industrial initial compost was utilized process followed by pelletization. Extraction material inside at different timing carried out determine optimal texture form It found that prolonged composting hour affected pelletization since moisture, acts natural binder, reduced increased. The gross calorific value increased from 14.07 MJ/kg 18.76 fifth hour, respectively. study revealed could serve valuable renewable energy source production energy-rich fuel without using any binder within short duration achievable aid in-vessel composter.